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Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms
Published on: May 29, 2020
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Local and systemic autoimmune manifestations linked to hepatitis A infection
M Doulberis1,2,3, A Papaefthymiou4,5, S A Polyzos5
1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University Department, Kantonsspital Aarau, Switzerland.
Acta Gastro-Enterologica Belgica
|October 10, 2023
Summary
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, though typically self-limiting, can trigger autoimmune diseases. This review explores the pathways linking HAV to various extra-hepatic autoimmune conditions.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Hepatitis A virus (HAV) causes acute liver disease globally.
- HAV infection can exacerbate chronic liver conditions.
- Extra-hepatic manifestations and autoimmunity are reported post-HAV.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and clarify the mechanisms linking Hepatitis A virus infection to autoimmune diseases.
- To consolidate understanding of HAV's role in triggering autoimmunity.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on Hepatitis A virus and autoimmune diseases.
- Analysis of proposed immunological pathways and molecular mimicry.
- Compilation of reported extra-hepatic manifestations associated with HAV.
Main Results:
- HAV infection is linked to a range of autoimmune conditions, including autoimmune hepatitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
- Antigenic molecular mimicry and immune response modulation are implicated in HAV-induced autoimmunity.
- While HAV is not chronic, it adds burden to pre-existing liver disease.
Conclusions:
- Hepatitis A virus infection can act as a trigger for diverse autoimmune disorders.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex mechanisms involved.
- Understanding these links is crucial for managing patients with HAV and autoimmune conditions.
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