Beyond Human Limits: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence to Optimize Immunosuppression in Kidney Transplantation

The field of kidney transplantation is being revolutionized by the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques. AI equips machines with human-like cognitive abilities, while ML enables computers to learn from data. Challenges in transplantation, such as organ allocation and prediction of allograft function or rejection, can be addressed through AI-powered algorithms. These algorithms can optimize immunosuppression protocols and improve patient care. This comprehensive literature review provides an overview of all the recent studies on the utilization of AI and ML techniques in the optimization of immunosuppression in kidney transplantation. By developing personalized and data-driven immunosuppression protocols, clinicians can make informed decisions and enhance patient care. However, there are limitations, such as data quality, small sample sizes, validation, computational complexity, and interpretability of ML models. Future research should validate and refine AI models for different populations and treatment durations. AI and ML have the potential to revolutionize kidney transplantation by optimizing immunosuppression and improving outcomes. AI-powered algorithms enable personalized and data-driven immunosuppression protocols, enhancing patient care and decision-making. Limitations include data quality, small sample sizes, validation, computational complexity, and interpretability of ML models. Further research is needed to validate and enhance AI models for different populations and longer-term dosing decisions.