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Related Concept Videos

Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

Oligosaccharide Assembly

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Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
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Protein Glycosylation01:25

Protein Glycosylation

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Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
Glycosylation occurs in...
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Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides01:26

Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides

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Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
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Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition01:02

Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition

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Microtubules are small hollow tubes in eukaryotic cells. The cell wall microtubules are polymerized dimers of two globular proteins, α-tubulin and β-tubulin, two globular proteins. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the widest components of the cytoskeleton. They help the cell resist compression and provide a track along which vesicles move through the cell or pull replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of a dividing cell. Microtubules go through quick cycles of...
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Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER01:29

Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER

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ER is the primary site for the maturation and folding of soluble and transmembrane secretory proteins. The calnexin cycle is a specific chaperone system that folds and assesses the confirmation of N-glycosylated proteins before they can exit the ER lumen. The primary players of this quality check pipeline are the lectins, ER-resident chaperones, and a glucosyl transferase enzyme. In case the calnexin system in the lumen fails to salvage a misfolded protein, it is transported to the cytoplasm...
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Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

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 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
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Sequencing of Plant Wall Heteroxylans Using Enzymic, Chemical Methylation and Physical Mass Spectrometry, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Techniques
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Sequencing of Plant Wall Heteroxylans Using Enzymic, Chemical Methylation and Physical Mass Spectrometry, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Techniques

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Controlling the Assembly of Cellulose-Based Oligosaccharides through Sequence Modifications.

Nives Hribernik1, Denisa Vargová1, Marlene C S Dal Colle1,2

  • 1Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|October 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers designed oligosaccharide sequences to create tunable, self-assembling materials. Modifications influenced molecular packing, forming unique crystallites and self-healing hydrogels with tailored properties.

Keywords:
BiomaterialsCelluloseHydrogelsOligosaccharidesSelf-Assembly

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Carbohydrate Chemistry

Background:

  • Programmable peptides and nucleic acids are key for developing tunable, self-assembling functional materials.
  • Oligosaccharides offer a promising, yet less explored, avenue for creating such advanced materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate that oligosaccharide primary sequences can be designed to produce materials with tunable shapes and properties.
  • To explore the structure-property relationships of synthetic cellulose-based oligomers.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of cellulose-based oligomers with specific sequences.
  • Assembly of these oligomers into ordered structures (2D or 3D crystallites).
  • Analysis of how sequence modifications affect molecular packing, crystallite morphology, and bulk material properties.

Main Results:

  • Synthetic cellulose oligomers self-assembled into 2D or 3D rod-like crystallites.
  • Modifications in the oligosaccharide core led to square-like assemblies of the cellulose IVII allomorph.
  • Terminal sequence modifications resulted in elongated aggregates with tunable surfaces, forming self-healing supramolecular hydrogels.

Conclusions:

  • The primary sequence of oligosaccharides is a critical design element for controlling the self-assembly and properties of functional materials.
  • Oligosaccharide-based materials offer a versatile platform for creating structures ranging from crystalline assemblies to self-healing hydrogels.