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Related Concept Videos

Wave Parameters01:10

Wave Parameters

7.8K
The simplest mechanical waves are associated with simple harmonic motion and repeat themselves for several cycles. These simple harmonic waves can be modeled using a combination of sine and cosine functions. Consider a simplified surface water wave that moves across the water's surface. Unlike complex ocean waves, in surface water waves, water moves vertically, oscillating up and down, whereas the disturbance of the wave moves horizontally through the medium. If a seagull is floating on the...
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Velocity and Acceleration of a Wave00:51

Velocity and Acceleration of a Wave

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A wave propagates through a medium with a constant speed, known as a wave velocity. It is different from the speed of the particles of the medium, which is not constant. In addition, the velocity of the medium is perpendicular to the velocity of the wave. The variable speed of the particles of the medium implies that there must be acceleration associated with it. 
The velocity of the particles can be obtained by taking the partial derivative of the position equation with respect to time....
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Echo01:06

Echo

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The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
Imagine the sound is reflected back to the ears. Assuming that the source is very close to the human, the difference between hearing the two sounds—the emitted sound and the reflected sound—may be more than the minimum time for perceiving distinct sounds. If this is the case,...
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Shock Waves01:16

Shock Waves

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While deriving the Doppler formula for the observed frequency of a sound wave, it is assumed that the speed of sound in the medium is greater than the source's speed through it. When this condition is breached, a shock wave occurs.
When the source's speed approaches the speed of sound, constructive interference between successive wavefronts emitted by the source occurs immediately behind it. Initially, scientists believed that this constructive interference would result in such high...
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Deriving the Speed of Sound in a Liquid01:09

Deriving the Speed of Sound in a Liquid

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As with waves on a string, the speed of sound or a mechanical wave in a fluid depends on the fluid's elastic modulus and inertia. The two relevant physical quantities are the bulk modulus and the density of the material. Indeed, it turns out that the relationship between speed and the bulk modulus and density in fluids is the same as that between the speed and the Young's modulus and density in solids.
The speed of sound in fluids can be derived by considering a mechanical wave...
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Equations of Wave Motion01:02

Equations of Wave Motion

5.8K
Mathematically, the motion of a wave can be studied using a wavefunction. Consider a string oscillating up and down in simple harmonic motion, having a period T. The wave on the string is sinusoidal and is translated in the positive x-direction as time progresses. Sine is a function of the angle θ, oscillating between +A and −A and repeating every 2π radians. To construct a wave model, the ratio of the angle θ and the position x is considered.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing
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Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing

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Estimating waves via measured ship responses.

Ulrik D Nielsen1, Harry B Bingham2, Astrid H Brodtkorb3

  • 1Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. udni@dtu.dk.

Scientific Reports
|October 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ships can act as buoys to estimate wave spectrums, offering accurate, cost-effective marine data. This method provides precise wave information at the ship's location, improving operational efficiency and safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering
  • Oceanography and Wave Dynamics
  • Sensor Technology and Data Processing

Background:

  • Accurate wave system data is crucial for optimizing marine operations, including energy efficiency, safety, and emissions assessment.
  • Traditional wave data sources like buoys, satellites, and models have limitations in spatial-temporal resolution and cost.
  • Ships possess inherent capabilities to measure wave-induced responses, offering a novel approach to wave data acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the technology for estimating the directional wave spectrum using a ship as a wave buoy.
  • To discuss the uncertainties associated with ship-based wave spectrum estimation.
  • To highlight recent advancements in estimating waves from measured ship responses.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an analogy to classical wave buoys, sensor measurements of ship-induced responses (motions, structural) are processed.
  • Employing algorithms to estimate the directional wave spectrum from the collected ship response data.
  • Comparative analysis with existing wave data sources (buoys, satellites, wave models) to validate the ship-based approach.

Main Results:

  • Ship-based wave spectrum estimation offers precise spatio-temporal wave data at the vessel's location.
  • This method presents a potentially more accurate and cost-effective alternative to conventional wave data acquisition techniques.
  • The technology demonstrates feasibility and highlights areas for further development and uncertainty reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Ships can be effectively utilized as platforms for estimating the directional wave spectrum, analogous to wave buoys.
  • This approach provides high-resolution wave data with significant potential for improving marine operational planning and safety.
  • Ongoing research and development are focused on refining the accuracy and reliability of ship-based wave estimation techniques.