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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Perceptual learning across saccades: Feature but not location specific.

Lukasz Grzeczkowski^1,2, Zhuanghua Shi¹, Martin Rolfs²

¹Allgemeine und Experimentelle Psychologie, Department Psychologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 80802, Germany.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|October 16, 2023

Summary

Perceptual learning can adapt across eye movements (transsaccadic perceptual learning). Training improved orientation discrimination, showing generalization to new locations, suggesting flexible visual system processing.

Keywords:

eye movements generalization perception action perceptual learning transsaccadic perception

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Area of Science:

Visual perception
Neuroscience
Cognitive psychology

Background:

Perceptual learning enhances perception through practice, typically showing high specificity for trained locations and features.
Traditional studies focused on static stimuli, neglecting the role of eye movements in real-world visual exploration.
Eye movements create successive stimulus projections on different retinal locations, posing a challenge for location-specific learning.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate perceptual learning of orientation discrimination across saccades (transsaccadic perceptual learning - TPL).
To determine if TPL exhibits location specificity or generalizes across different visual field locations.
To explore the reference frame encoding and flexibility within TPL.

Main Methods:

Observers trained to saccade to a peripheral grating and discriminate orientation changes during the saccade.
Tested generalization of TPL to untrained orientations and untrained locations.
Conducted control experiments without saccades and an untrained fixation task.

Main Results:

Training induced TPL with performance improvements that did not generalize to untrained orientations.
Complete transfer of TPL to an untrained location in the opposite hemifield for the trained orientation was observed.
Location transfer was contingent upon eye movements, as control experiments without saccades showed no such transfer.
Performance improved at the trained location in an untrained fixation task, but not at the untrained location.

Conclusions:

TPL demonstrates a unique flexibility in reference frame encoding, allowing generalization across visual field locations.
The observed location generalization is critically dependent on the saccade itself.
TPL comprises both a location-specific component (pre-saccade) and a saccade-related component (involving location generalization).