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Normal mode analysis in multi-coupled non-Hermitian optical nanocavities.

Kyong-Tae Park1, Kyoung-Ho Kim2, Byung-Ju Min1

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This study introduces spatial overlap integrals (SOIs) to efficiently calculate intercavity interactions in coupled photonic crystal (PhC) nanocavities. This method enables detailed spectral analysis of normal modes, even in complex non-Hermitian systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Quantum Electrodynamics
  • Non-Hermitian Physics

Background:

  • Coupled optical cavities are crucial for quantum electrodynamics and non-Hermitian photonics.
  • Estimating intercavity interactions in complex systems is computationally challenging.
  • Photonic crystal (PhC) nanocavities offer a test-bed for non-Hermitian optics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient method for calculating intercavity interactions in coupled PhC nanocavities.
  • To enable detailed spectral analysis of normal modes in complex multi-coupled systems.
  • To investigate non-Hermitian behaviors in PhC nanocavities with non-uniform gain/loss.

Main Methods:

  • Introduced spatial overlap integrals (SOIs) between eigenmodes of non-coupled PhC nanocavities.
  • Utilized SOIs to calculate coupling strength factors.
  • Applied coupled mode theory (CMT) with SOI-derived factors for spectral analysis.
  • Verified the method with full-wave numerical simulations.

Main Results:

  • SOIs accurately determine intercavity interactions in passively coupled PhC nanocavity systems.
  • The method allows full exploitation of CMT for tracing normal mode spectral behaviors.
  • Eigenmode characteristics of non-coupled cavities serve as building blocks for analyzing coupled systems.
  • Observed unusual spectral evolution and non-Hermitian behaviors in multi-coupled cavities with non-symmetric gain/loss.

Conclusions:

  • The SOI method provides an efficient and accurate approach for analyzing coupled PhC nanocavity systems.
  • This technique facilitates the study of complex non-Hermitian optical properties.
  • The findings advance the development of on-chip optical platforms for quantum applications.