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Periodontal phenotype modification in orthodontic patients
Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh1,2, Reza Amid1,2, Anahita Moscowchi1,2
1Dental Research Center, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Summary
This study shows that combining bone and soft tissue grafting substitutes can improve the periodontal health of orthodontic patients. The technique enhanced gingival thickness and width while reducing recession, suggesting a promising approach for better outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Periodontal Plastic Surgery
- Orthodontics
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Periodontal phenotype modification is crucial for long-term periodontal stability and esthetic outcomes in orthodontic patients.
- Thin periodontal phenotypes are associated with adverse consequences during orthodontic treatment.
- Combined bone and soft tissue grafting substitutes offer a potential solution for phenotype modification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the feasibility of periodontal phenotype modification in orthodontic patients.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of combined bone and soft tissue grafting substitutes for enhancing periodontal tissues.
Main Methods:
- A surgical procedure was performed on 18 orthodontic patients (3 males, 15 females).
- Periodontal phenotype modification utilized demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft and a xenogeneic collagen matrix.
- Key periodontal parameters including gingival thickness, keratinized tissue width, gingival recession, and vestibular depth were measured at baseline and 12-month follow-up.
Main Results:
- Statistically significant increases were observed in gingival thickness (2.02 ± 0.39 mm), keratinized tissue width (1.11 ± 0.82 mm), and vestibular depth (0.18 ± 1.16 mm) (p < 0.05).
- A significant reduction in gingival recession was noted (1.02 ± 0.99 mm) (p < 0.05).
- The procedure demonstrated positive changes in periodontal parameters, enhancing the tissue phenotype.
Conclusions:
- The proposed approach using combined bone and soft tissue substitutes is feasible and enhances the periodontal condition in orthodontic patients.
- This technique shows promising results for improving periodontal health and esthetics in patients with thin phenotypes.
- Further research with larger sample sizes is recommended to confirm long-term stability.
