Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Transmission Electron Microscopy

Transmission Electron Microscopy

In 1931, physicist Ernst Ruska—building on the idea that magnetic fields can direct an electron beam just as lenses can direct a beam of light in an optical microscope—developed the first prototype of the electron microscope. This development led to the development of the field of electron microscopy. In the transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrons are produced by a hot tungsten element and accelerated by a potential difference in an electron gun, which gives them up to 400...

Scanning Electron Microscopy

Scanning Electron Microscopy

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
Fundamental Principles
Accelerated...

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0,...

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...

Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence

Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence

Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers. Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Albumin in Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cureus·2026

Same author

Elevated Systemic Inflammatory Response Index Is Associated With Increased Risk of Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cureus·2026

Same author

Functional transcriptomic analysis and drought-induced regulation of secondary metabolism in Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.

BMC plant biology·2026

Same author

3D visualization of graphene and carbon nanotubes using Python: a study.

Journal of molecular modeling·2026

Same author

Statin Therapy and Clinical Outcomes in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cureus·2026

Same author

Pharmacological modulation of lipid signaling.

Methods in enzymology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

Published on: July 8, 2013

Subcycle surface electron emission driven by strong-field terahertz waveforms.

Shaoxian Li^1,2, Ashutosh Sharma³, Zsuzsanna Márton^3,4

¹Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624, Pécs, Hungary.

Nature Communications

|October 18, 2023

Summary

Researchers demonstrate single-burst electron emission using terahertz (THz) pulses. The emission is confined to one half-cycle, controlled by field polarity, paving the way for new THz devices.

More Related Videos

Electrochemical Etching and Characterization of Sharp Field Emission Points for Electron Impact Ionization

Electrochemical Etching and Characterization of Sharp Field Emission Points for Electron Impact Ionization

Published on: July 12, 2016

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

Published on: January 19, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

Published on: July 8, 2013

Electrochemical Etching and Characterization of Sharp Field Emission Points for Electron Impact Ionization

Electrochemical Etching and Characterization of Sharp Field Emission Points for Electron Impact Ionization

Published on: July 12, 2016

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

Published on: January 19, 2018

Area of Science:

Physics
Materials Science
Electrical Engineering

Background:

Intense terahertz (THz) sources enable new possibilities for electron acceleration and manipulation.
Previous predictions suggested THz-field-driven electron emission would occur in a single burst due to single-cycle waveforms.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate and control single-cycle THz-waveform-driven electron emission from a solid surface.
To investigate the confinement of electron emission to specific half-cycles of the THz waveform.

Main Methods:

Utilizing intense terahertz (THz) pulses to interact with a solid surface emitter.
Controlling the field polarity of the THz waveform to influence electron emission.
Observing and analyzing the resulting electron emission characteristics.

Main Results:

Successfully demonstrated the confinement of single-cycle THz-waveform-driven electron emission to one of the two half cycles.
Showed that either the leading or trailing half cycle could be made active by reversing the THz field polarity.
Achieved THz-driven single-burst surface electron emission without relying on field-enhancement structures.

Conclusions:

This controlled single-burst electron emission is a significant advancement for THz-driven electron sources.
The findings will impact the development of THz-powered electron acceleration, compact electron sources, and THz-based devices.
Potential applications include THz waveguides, telecommunication, advanced measurement techniques, and solid-state devices.