Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Recombinant α- β- and γ-Synucleins Stimulate Protein Phosphatase 2A Catalytic Subunit Activity in Cell Free Assays
Published on: August 13, 2017
Phosphodiesterase 2 and Its Isoform A as Therapeutic Targets in the Central Nervous System Disorders
Sanjay K Metkar1, Yuqing Yan1, Yue Lu1
1Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
Abstract:
Cyclic adenosine monophosphates (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) are two essential second messengers, which are hydrolyzed by phosphodiesterase's (PDEs), such as PDE-2. Pharmacological inhibition of PDE-2 (PDE2A) in the central nervous system improves cAMP and cGMP signaling, which controls downstream proteins related to neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Considering that there are no specific treatments for these disorders, PDE-2 inhibitors' development has gained more attention in the recent decade. There is high demand for developing new-generation drugs targeting PDE2 for treating diseases in the central nervous and peripheral systems. This review summarizes the relationship between PDE-2 with neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurodevelopmental disorders as well as its possible treatment, mainly involving inhibitors of PDE2.
Related Concept Videos
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacological Actions
At the neuromuscular junction, these agents work by inhibiting the breakdown of acetylcholine, allowing it to remain bound to the receptor and bind to nearby receptors. This process leads to repetitive firing of the endplate, causing muscle...
Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

