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Nutrition in Surgery: An Orthopaedic Perspective.

Thomas M Zink^1,2, Suzanne E Kent^1,2, Arjun N Choudhary²

¹Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume

|October 19, 2023

Summary

Malnutrition in orthopaedic surgery patients increases complication risks. Nutritional support, including specific supplements and preoperative weight management, is crucial for better surgical outcomes.

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Area of Science:

Nutritional Science
Surgical Patient Care

Background:

Malnutrition is prevalent in orthopaedic surgery patients, elevating postoperative complication risks.
Nutritional status evaluation involves serum proteins like albumin, anthropometric measurements, and surveys.

Purpose of the Study:

To review nutritional strategies for orthopaedic surgery patients.
To highlight the importance of perioperative nutritional optimization.

Main Methods:

Literature review on nutritional assessment and intervention in orthopaedic surgery.
Analysis of evidence for various nutritional supplements and weight loss methods.

Main Results:

Protein-calorie, amino acid, and immunonutrition supplements are supported by evidence.
Vitamin D supplementation warrants further investigation.
Diet, activity, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery are effective for weight loss, though optimal preoperative timing and extent need study.

Conclusions:

Optimizing nutrition perioperatively is essential for reducing complications in orthopaedic surgery.
Further research is needed on preoperative weight loss strategies and Vitamin D supplementation.