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Improving School Environments for Preventing Sexual Violence Among LGBTQ+ Youth
Avanti Adhia1, Dylan Pugh2, Ruby Lucas2,3,4
1Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
The Journal of School Health
|October 20, 2023
Summary
LGBTQ+ youth desire safer schools. Key needs include gender-neutral spaces, trained staff, policy enforcement, mental health support, and inclusive sex education to prevent sexual violence.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Education
Background:
- Sexual violence (SV) disproportionately affects lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ+) youth compared to heterosexual and cisgender peers.
- Understanding the unique needs of LGBTQ+ students is crucial for developing effective prevention and intervention strategies in schools.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore LGBTQ+ students' perspectives on how middle and high school environments can be improved to prevent and address sexual violence.
- To gather youth-driven insights for creating more supportive and safer school settings for LGBTQ+ individuals.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative study involving 31 LGBTQ+ students aged 13-18 from a Washington State school.
- Data collected through virtual interviews (n=24) and text-based responses (n=7).
- Inductive thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes from the collected data.
Main Results:
- Students identified five key areas for schools to improve SV prevention and response:
- 1. Access to gender-neutral spaces.
- 2. LGBTQ+ competency training for school staff.
- 3. Consistent enforcement of school policies (e.g., anti-bullying, SV policies) with accountability.
- 4. Availability of LGBTQ+-competent mental health support services.
- 5. Comprehensive sexual health education that specifically addresses LGBTQ+ relationships and SV.
Conclusions:
- Students emphasized the necessity of modifying both the physical and social school environments to effectively address sexual violence impacting LGBTQ+ youth.
- Incorporating the perspectives of high-risk youth, such as LGBTQ+ students, can lead to the development of more sustainable and effective school-based strategies.
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