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Related Experiment Videos

Functional anatomy of the shoulder complex.

M Peat

    Physical Therapy
    |December 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    The shoulder complex, comprising four key components, enables precise hand placement and extensive upper limb motion. Its intricate joint mechanisms are vital for overall arm function and stability.

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    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedics
    • Biomechanics
    • Human Anatomy

    Background:

    • The shoulder complex is crucial for upper limb function, enabling hand placement in the visual workspace.
    • It offers a greater range of motion than any other joint mechanism in the body.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the functional interrelationships within the shoulder complex.
    • To highlight the importance of each component for overall upper limb mobility.

    Main Methods:

    • Anatomical and biomechanical analysis of the shoulder complex.
    • Examination of the glenohumeral, acromioclavicular, and sternoclavicular joints.
    • Assessment of the scapulothoracic gliding mechanism.

    Main Results:

    • Hand placement relies on four shoulder complex components: glenohumeral, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular joints, and scapulothoracic mechanism.
    • Clavicular joints facilitate scapular movement, allowing the glenoid fossa to track the humeral head, enhancing arm movement.
    • Interactions between glenohumeral, scapulothoracic, and clavicular joints are essential for a full range of motion (ROM).

    Conclusions:

    • Pathology in any shoulder complex component disrupts upper limb function.
    • Ligamentous and periarticular structures are key to maintaining joint relationships, force absorption, and limb stability.

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