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Understanding ADHD in AAPI College Students: Prevalence, Comorbidities, Impairments, and Treatment Utilization
Nandini Jhawar1, Kevin M Antshel1
1Syracuse University, NY, USA.
Journal of Attention Disorders
|October 21, 2023
Summary
Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) college students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show higher impairment risks but lower treatment use. Many AAPI students with ADHD face significant challenges without seeking necessary care.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Higher Education
- Health Disparities
Background:
- Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may experience greater college maladjustment.
- Cultural factors and delayed treatment seeking contribute to risks for AAPI students with ADHD.
- This study is the first to investigate ADHD in AAPI college students comprehensively.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine ADHD prevalence among AAPI college students.
- To assess ADHD-related impairments and comorbidities in AAPI students.
- To evaluate ADHD treatment utilization within the AAPI college student population.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment II survey.
- Included 258,005 AAPI, White, Hispanic, and Black undergraduate students.
- Analyzed ADHD prevalence, comorbidities, impairments, and treatment use across racial/ethnic groups.
Main Results:
- AAPI students exhibited lower ADHD prevalence than White and Black students, comparable to Hispanic students.
- AAPI students with ADHD showed higher risks for comorbidities and social/academic impairments versus White students with ADHD.
- Approximately 50% of AAPI students with ADHD did not receive treatment, despite psychiatric comorbidities and functional impairments.
Conclusions:
- AAPI college students with ADHD are underutilizing treatment.
- Elevated psychiatric comorbidities and functional impairments are prevalent in AAPI students with ADHD.
- Targeted interventions are needed to improve ADHD treatment access and outcomes for AAPI students.
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