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Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving01:29

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Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
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A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. Different strategies have distinct action plans. Trial and error involves trying different solutions until one works. For instance, to fix a broken printer, you might check ink levels, ensure the paper tray isn't jammed, and verify the printer's connection to your laptop. This method can be time-consuming but is commonly used. Thomas Edison, for example, used trial and error to find a suitable filament for the light...
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The alternative coordinate method, also known as the Shoelace Formula, is a technique for determining the area of a traverse using Cartesian coordinates. This method relies on the sequential arrangement of x and y coordinates for each point of the shape, ensuring accuracy and ease of application.In this approach, each corner's x and y coordinates are listed as fractions, with the x-coordinate as the numerator and the y-coordinate as the denominator. These coordinates are arranged sequentially...
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Heuristics01:21

Heuristics

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Heuristics are problem-solving strategies that use mental shortcuts to simplify decision-making. Unlike algorithms, which must be followed precisely to achieve a correct result, heuristics offer a general problem-solving framework. They save time and energy but can sometimes lead to less rational decisions.
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The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
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The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy
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The 3Ranker: An AI-based Algorithm for Finding Non-animal Alternative Methods.

Niels van Beuningen1, Sinne Alkema1, Nils Hijlkema1

  • 1TenWise BV, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals : ATLA
|October 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Discovering non-animal alternative methods for research is now easier with 3Ranker, a novel AI algorithm. This tool efficiently identifies potential alternatives, aiding the reduction of animal testing in biomedical research.

Keywords:
3RsThree Rsartificial intelligencepredictive modelsreplacementtext classificationtext mining

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Research
  • Computational Biology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Searching for non-animal alternative methods is hampered by a lack of structured databases and effective search strategies.
  • Existing methods struggle to efficiently mine large volumes of unstructured textual data for relevant alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce 3Ranker, a fast, keyword-independent algorithm designed to identify non-animal alternative methods in biomedical research.
  • To develop and validate an AI-based classifier for detecting potential alternatives to animal use in scientific literature.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a Random Forest model using machine learning on 35 million abstracts with weak supervision and expert curation.
  • Iteratively improved the model for enhanced accuracy and performance.
  • Evaluated the algorithm's sensitivity and specificity using Area Under the Curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.85-0.95.

Main Results:

  • The AI classifier successfully identified articles describing non-animal alternatives within large datasets from generic PubMed searches (dermatitis, Parkinson's disease).
  • Time-series analysis revealed earlier adoption of Three Rs principles in cosmetics/skin research compared to neurodegenerative disease research.
  • The 3Ranker algorithm demonstrated a satisfactory balance between sensitivity and specificity (AUC 0.85-0.95).

Conclusions:

  • 3Ranker offers an efficient solution for identifying non-animal alternative methods, addressing current search challenges.
  • The tool facilitates the promotion of the Three Rs principles (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) in biomedical research.
  • Future expansion aims to broaden 3Ranker's application across diverse research domains to support ethical research practices.