Advancing New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) through the publication of negative results

Area of Science:

• Biomedical research
• Toxicology
• Drug development

Background:

• The non-publication of negative or null results is a significant issue in scientific research.
• This practice leads to the unnecessary repetition of experiments, increasing animal use.
• It also hinders the progress and implementation of alternative methods, such as New Approach Methodologies (NAMs).

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the detrimental impact of not publishing negative or null results in biomedical research.
• To emphasize the importance of disseminating negative findings for advancing scientific knowledge.
• To advocate for the acceleration of alternative methods and the Three Rs principles.

Main Methods:

• This is a comment article, not an empirical study.
• It discusses the implications of publication bias in scientific research.
• It reviews the literature and expert opinion on the benefits of publishing negative results.

Main Results:

• Non-publication of negative results contributes to increased animal use in experiments.
• This practice delays the development, validation, and adoption of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs).
• Recognizing and disseminating negative results is crucial for scientific progress.

Conclusions:

• Publishing negative or null results is essential for reducing redundant animal experimentation.
• Dissemination of negative findings accelerates the uptake of alternative methods and NAMs.
• Promoting the publication of all results supports the ethical principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement (the Three Rs).