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Low-Temperature In Situ Lithiation Construction of a Lithiophilic Particle-Selective Interlayer for Solid-State
Guoqiang Zhao1, Changwei Luo1, Bin Wu2
1Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|October 23, 2023
Summary
Researchers developed a novel low-temperature method using antimony trichloride (SbCl3) to create a protective interlayer for garnet solid-state electrolytes. This enhances lithium-ion battery performance by reducing interface resistance and preventing lithium dendrite growth.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Solid-State Batteries
Background:
- Garnet-type solid-state electrolytes face challenges with interface resistance and lithium dendrite growth, limiting high-energy-density applications.
- Conventional methods require high temperatures (>180 °C) for lithium metal interface modification, which is energy-intensive.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a low-temperature in situ method for constructing a stable and conductive interface for garnet solid-state electrolytes.
- To improve lithium-ion transport and suppress lithium dendrite formation for enhanced battery safety and performance.
Main Methods:
- Introduction of liquid-metal-like antimony trichloride (SbCl3) for low-temperature lithiation (80 °C) to form a Li+-directional-selection interlayer.
- Characterization of the interlayer's composition (SbLi3 and LiCl) and interface energy with lithium and the garnet electrolyte (LGLZO).
- Fabrication and testing of Li/Li symmetric cells and LiFePO4//Li full cells to evaluate electrochemical performance.
Main Results:
- The SbCl3-derived interlayer exhibits superior affinity with lithium and LGLZO, significantly reducing interface resistance.
- Suppression of lithium dendrite growth was achieved through the insulating electron effect of the interlayer.
- Li/Li symmetric cells demonstrated stable cycling at 6.0 mA cm-2 and over 1000 hours at 2.0 mA cm-2.
- Full cells achieved a high residual capacity of 144.8 mAh g-1 at 0.5 C after 1000 cycles and 94.7% retention at 1 C after 600 cycles.
Conclusions:
- The low-temperature SbCl3 lithiation strategy effectively enhances the interface stability and ionic conductivity of garnet solid-state electrolytes.
- This energy-saving approach offers a promising pathway for modifying solid-state electrolytes in next-generation lithium-ion batteries.
- The method's potential applicability to other solid-state electrolyte systems warrants further investigation.
