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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments
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Developing synthetic tools to decipher the tumor-immune interactome.

Orr-El Weizman1, Sophia Luyten1, Peiwen Lu1

  • 1Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|October 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new tool, Tumor-Immune Interactome Non-biased Discovery Retroviral Reporter (TIINDRR), to study how immune cells interact with cancer cells. This technology helps understand tumor-immune interactions and improve cancer therapies.

Keywords:
T cellscancer immunologyimmunotherapymyeloid cellssurveillance

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Immune cell interaction with transformed cells is vital for immune surveillance and tissue function.
  • The tumor-immune interactome varies by tissue and tumor type, but its landscape and consequences remain poorly understood.
  • Existing tools struggle to identify and analyze in vivo tumor-immune interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel technology for deciphering the in vivo tumor-immune interactome.
  • To overcome limitations of current methods for studying direct cell-cell contact in the tumor microenvironment.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a technology using synthetic Notch receptors to report physical tumor cell-immune cell contact in vivo.
  • This approach is named Tumor-Immune Interactome Non-biased Discovery Retroviral Reporter (TIINDRR).

Main Results:

  • TIINDRR successfully identified tumor-immune interactomes in different tumor types.
  • The study revealed how these interactions differ in immunologically refractory versus sensitive tumors.
  • TIINDRR demonstrated how immunotherapies modify tumor-immune cell interactions.

Conclusions:

  • TIINDRR is a flexible and versatile tool for studying in vivo tumor-immune cell interactions.
  • This technology aids in identifying biologically relevant information for designing effective immune-based cancer therapies.