Defective immune complex degradation by monocytes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

The binding of 125I-labelled anti-bovine serum albumin (BSA)-BSA immune complexes (IC), giving a final molar antibody to antigen ratio of 1:1, to monocytes isolated from 18 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and from 10 normal healthy donors was quantitatively investigated. The degradation of the bound IC by the same monocytes was kinetically determined at the same time. The assays were performed on monocyte monolayers. Scatchard plots at 4 degrees C demonstrated that monocytes from patients with active SLE expressed a mean Fc gamma receptor (FcR) number that was 22% higher than that of the controls, although this did not reach statistical significance. The FcR number of normal monocytes and the degradation rate of anti-BSA-BSA complexes by the same cells showed a positive correlation. At the same time, the digestion of anti-BSA-BSA complexes by monocytes of SLE patients with active disease was prolonged, despite their enhanced FcR-ligand binding. The dissociation of FcR-ligand binding and FcR-mediated degradation suggests that the IC degradation is controlled by altered biochemical mechanisms in the monocytes of SLE patients.