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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Association between optic atrophy 1 polymorphisms and primary open angle glaucoma risk: Based on a meta-analysis.

Yue-Feng Liu1, Xiang-Yu Luo2, Zhi-Cai Zhao3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.

European Journal of Ophthalmology
|October 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Genetic variations in optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) are significantly associated with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) risk. This meta-analysis confirms a link between OPA1 polymorphisms and increased POAG susceptibility, particularly in certain populations.

Keywords:
OPA1polymorphismprimary open angle glaucomasusceptibility

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and Genetics
  • Molecular Biology and Disease Mechanisms

Background:

  • Emerging research indicates a potential link between optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) gene polymorphisms and the risk of developing primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).
  • Existing studies present inconsistent findings, necessitating a comprehensive analysis to clarify the association between OPA1 variations and POAG.
  • Understanding these genetic associations is crucial for identifying individuals at higher risk for POAG.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis to precisely evaluate the association between OPA1 polymorphisms and the risk of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).
  • To consolidate and re-examine existing evidence to resolve inconsistencies regarding OPA1's role in POAG development.
  • To provide a statistically robust assessment of the genetic contribution of OPA1 to POAG susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed on online databases up to December 1, 2022, to identify relevant studies.
  • Meta-analysis was employed, calculating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for various genetic models.
  • Statistical analyses included heterogeneity, sensitivity, cumulative analysis, and publication bias assessments to ensure reliability.

Main Results:

  • The meta-analysis included 14 studies comprising 2,413 POAG patients and 1,904 controls.
  • Significant associations were found between OPA1 polymorphisms (rs166850 C/T and rs10451941 T/C) and increased POAG susceptibility.
  • Stratified analyses revealed significant associations, particularly in normal-tension glaucoma subgroups and among individuals of Caucasian descent.

Conclusions:

  • The findings strongly suggest that specific OPA1 polymorphisms are significantly associated with an increased susceptibility to primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).
  • These genetic variations may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of POAG, especially in specific ethnic groups.
  • Further research into OPA1's functional role in glaucoma pathogenesis is warranted.