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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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[T cell receptor-based immunotherapy: a review].

Yuan Chen^1,2, George F Gao^1,2,3, Shuguang Tan^2,3

¹Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical Bioresource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China.

Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Biotechnology

|October 25, 2023

Summary

T cell receptors (TCRs) are key to anti-tumor immunity. New TCR-based therapies, including engineered T cells and protein drugs, show significant promise for treating various cancers.

Keywords:

T cell engager T cell receptor T cell receptor-engineered T cell immunotherapy

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Oncology
Biotechnology

Background:

T cells are crucial for anti-tumor immune responses.
Immune checkpoint and adoptive T cell therapies have advanced cancer treatment.
T cell receptors (TCRs) recognize tumor antigens presented by MHC, offering high sensitivity.

Approach:

This review summarizes progress in TCR-based immune therapeutic strategies.
It covers T cell receptor-engineered T cell (TCR-T) therapy.
It also discusses TCR-based protein drugs and other TCR signaling-based cell therapies.

Key Points:

TCRs are fundamental for T cell specificity and recognizing tumor antigens.
The first TCR drug approval in 2022 marked a new era for TCR therapeutics.
Multiple TCR-based drugs demonstrate substantial efficacy across various tumors.

Conclusions:

TCR-based strategies represent a significant advancement in cancer immunotherapy.
This review provides insights for developing future TCR-based immune therapeutics.
Further research into TCRs holds promise for innovative cancer treatments.