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Physiotherapy in Patients with Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Fariba Ghaderi1, Ghazal Kharaji2, Sakineh Hajebrahimi3
1Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Urology Research & Practice
|October 25, 2023
Summary
Physiotherapy, including pelvic floor muscle training, is effective for stress urinary incontinence, reducing urine leakage compared to no treatment. It also improves quality of life and pelvic floor muscle function.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Physical Therapy
- Women's Health
Background:
- Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common condition affecting many women.
- Physiotherapy, encompassing pelvic floor muscle training, biofeedback, and electrical stimulation, is a primary treatment for SUI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the efficacy of physiotherapy for SUI.
- To compare physiotherapy interventions against control groups like no treatment, placebo, sham procedures, or surgery.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive search of multiple databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro, Trip) was conducted for English and Persian studies up to January 2021.
- Included studies compared physiotherapy interventions with inactive control treatments.
- Data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewers.
Main Results:
- Physiotherapy significantly reduced urine leakage compared to no treatment.
- No significant difference was observed in urinary incontinence severity between physiotherapy and control groups.
- Physiotherapy demonstrated positive outcomes in quality of life (ICIQ), pad test results, and pelvic floor muscle function.
Conclusions:
- Pelvic physiotherapy is supported as a first-line treatment for adult SUI.
- The findings support the integration of physiotherapy into SUI management protocols.
- Further research may explore optimal physiotherapy protocols for different SUI severities.
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