Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

14
Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
14
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

438
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
438
Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

674
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
674
Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure01:17

Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure

2.7K
Endocrinal or hormonal intervention in the cardiovascular system is predominantly exerted by the catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine, as well as a slew of hormones that interact with renal function to modulate blood volume.
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine, catecholamines that enhance and extend the sympathetic or "fight or flight" physiological response. These hormones escalate heart rate and the force of contraction...
2.7K
Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors01:25

Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors

650
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
650
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

2.1K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Real-Time Versus Video-Recorded Step Count Validation Among Young Adults.

Journal for the measurement of physical behaviour·2026
Same author

Risk-Adjusted Excess Length of Stay for Patients With Heart Failure Across Facilities: A Large US Cohort Study.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same author

What Are the Predictors of Acute Care Nurses' Stroke Knowledge?: Empirical Research Quantitative.

Nursing open·2024
Same author

A Data-Driven Approach to Defining Risk-Adjusted Coding Specificity Metrics for a Large U.S. Dementia Patient Cohort.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

The Association of eHealth Literacy Skills and mHealth Application Use Among US Adults With Obesity: Analysis of Health Information National Trends Survey Data.

JMIR mHealth and uHealth·2024
Same author

Factors Associated with Suicide Risk Behavior Outcomes Among Black High School Adolescents.

Journal of community health·2023
Same journal

ENRS President's Message.

Nursing research·2026
Same journal

ENRS President's Message.

Nursing research·2026
Same journal

Theory in Science.

Nursing research·2026
Same journal

Using National Databases to Analyze Nurse Suicide Mortality.

Nursing research·2026
Same journal

Scoping Review of Barriers and Facilitators of Cervical Cancer Screening in Appalachia.

Nursing research·2026
Same journal

Study Protocol to Characterize Symptom Experience During Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Cutaneous Melanoma.

Nursing research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Isolation and Adoptive Transfer of High Salt Treated Antigen-presenting Dendritic Cells
09:29

Isolation and Adoptive Transfer of High Salt Treated Antigen-presenting Dendritic Cells

Published on: March 5, 2019

5.8K

Exploring Cytokine Networks in Resistant Hypertension.

Linda P Bolin, Patricia B Crane, Laura H Gunn

    Nursing Research
    |October 25, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Inflammation plays a key role in resistant hypertension. Specific cytokines like sTNFR2 and CX3 are strongly linked to this condition, offering potential new treatment targets.

    More Related Videos

    Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography
    07:25

    Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography

    Published on: June 7, 2013

    22.2K
    Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug
    05:57

    Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug

    Published on: May 17, 2024

    766

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 12, 2025

    Isolation and Adoptive Transfer of High Salt Treated Antigen-presenting Dendritic Cells
    09:29

    Isolation and Adoptive Transfer of High Salt Treated Antigen-presenting Dendritic Cells

    Published on: March 5, 2019

    5.8K
    Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography
    07:25

    Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography

    Published on: June 7, 2013

    22.2K
    Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug
    05:57

    Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug

    Published on: May 17, 2024

    766

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Medicine
    • Immunology
    • Hypertension Research

    Background:

    • High blood pressure (BP) control is critical to prevent severe complications like heart, brain, and kidney disease.
    • Resistant hypertension, uncontrolled BP despite standard treatments, significantly elevates morbidity and mortality risks.
    • Investigating inflammatory pathways may reveal novel therapeutic strategies for resistant hypertension.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze a wide array of cytokines in cardiovascular disease patients.
    • To pinpoint specific cytokines associated with resistant hypertension.

    Main Methods:

    • Secondary analysis of data from 156 myocardial infarction patients (3-7 years post-event).
    • Multiplex plasma analysis to generate a comprehensive cytokine panel.
    • Network analysis with lasso penalization to identify cytokine-BP associations and network centrality.

    Main Results:

    • sTNFR2 and CX3 demonstrated the highest node strength measures.
    • Six cytokines were strongly associated with resistant hypertension in network analysis.
    • IL-29 and CCL3 showed negative associations, while CXCL12, MMP3, sCD163, and sIL6Rb showed positive associations with resistant hypertension.

    Conclusions:

    • Cytokine network analysis provides insights into the pathophysiology of resistant hypertension.
    • Understanding vascular inflammation and oxidative stress in this context may guide future treatment development.