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Isolation, characterization, and genome analysis of novel bacteriophage - Stenotrophomonas phageCM1

Calmly M Koshy1, Shobana Sugumar1

  • 1Department of Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.

Microbial Pathogenesis
|October 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Researchers isolated and characterized Stenotrophomonas phage CM1, a promising bacteriophage therapy candidate effective against the antibiotic-resistant bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, offering new hope for treating nosocomial infections.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Virology
  • Bacteriophage Therapy
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a significant cause of nosocomial infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
  • The increasing antibiotic resistance of S. maltophilia poses a major clinical challenge.
  • Bacteriophage therapy presents a promising alternative treatment strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate, identify, and characterize a novel bacteriophage, designated CM1, targeting Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
  • To evaluate the physical, biochemical, and genomic properties of Stenotrophomonas phage CM1.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and identification of Stenotrophomonas phage CM1 from environmental samples.
  • Morphological characterization using electron microscopy (head diameter, tail length, tail spikes).
  • Determination of optimal growth conditions (pH, temperature stability, chloroform sensitivity).
  • Genomic analysis including size, GC content, open-reading frame (ORF) identification, and phylogenetic analysis.

Main Results:

  • Stenotrophomonas phage CM1, belonging to the Myoviridae family, exhibits a head diameter of ~224 nm and a tail length of ~159 nm with distinct tail spikes.
  • The phage demonstrates optimal activity at pH 7, good thermal stability (37-60°C), and marginal infectivity loss in 1-5% chloroform.
  • The phage genome is 319,518 bp with 43.9% GC content, containing 559 ORFs, including hypothetical proteins, known proteins, tRNAs, and a restriction enzyme. Phylogenetic analysis indicates a close relationship with other Stenotrophomonas phages.

Conclusions:

  • Stenotrophomonas phage CM1 is a well-characterized bacteriophage with potential for therapeutic applications against S. maltophilia.
  • Its distinct morphological and genomic features, along with its stability, support its candidacy for further development in phage therapy.
  • The study contributes to the growing body of research on bacteriophages as a viable strategy to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Keywords:
BacteriophageGenome analysisHypothetical proteinImmunocompromisedStenotrophomonas maltophilia

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