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Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

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The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

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Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

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A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...

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Prehabilitation in Urology: Trial Update.

Claire Rion¹, Nicolas Branger², Thomas Maubon²

¹Department of Urology, CHU de Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne, France.

European Urology Focus

|October 26, 2023

Summary

Prehabilitation is becoming standard care for surgical cancer patients. The ENHANCE trial aims to optimize prehabilitation for urologic cancer surgery, while other studies explore at-home prehabilitation feasibility.

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Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

Oncology
Surgical Oncology
Urology

Background:

Prehabilitation is increasingly recognized as a crucial component of optimizing surgical patient outcomes.
Enhancing prehabilitation strategies is essential for improving treatment efficacy in various cancer types.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the ENHANCE pragmatic trial for improving the treatment of urologic cancers requiring surgery.
To assess the feasibility of at-home prehabilitation through the PRIMER trial and a Belgian randomized study.

Main Methods:

The ENHANCE trial employs a pragmatic design to assess enhanced prehabilitation.
The PRIMER trial and a separate Belgian study will investigate the practicalities of implementing prehabilitation at home.

Main Results:

Results from the ENHANCE trial are pending but aim to demonstrate improved outcomes for urologic cancer patients.
Feasibility data from the PRIMER and Belgian studies will inform the scalability of at-home prehabilitation programs.

Conclusions:

The ENHANCE trial is poised to refine prehabilitation protocols for urologic cancer surgery.
Further research, including at-home models, will expand the accessibility and application of prehabilitation.