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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection
Published on: October 25, 2013
24/7 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Beta-Lactam Antibiotics with CLAM-2000
Tatjana Khromov1, Gry Helene Dihazi1, Phillipp Brockmeyer2
1Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany.
Background:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the CLAM-2000 automated preanalytical sample preparation module with integrated liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) as a method for 24/7 therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of beta-lactam antibiotics in routine clinical diagnostics.
Methods:
Method validation was performed using quality control samples. Method comparison was performed with routine samples from patients treated with beta-lactam antibiotics.
Results:
The determination of piperacillin, meropenem, ceftazidime, flucloxacillin, and cefotaxime was performed using D5-piperacillin and D6-meropenem as internal standards. The linearity of the method was within the therapeutic range of beta-lactam antibiotics. The imprecision and accuracy data obtained from quality control samples were within 15%, and the imprecision of patient samples on the instrument was less than the 5% coefficient of variation (CV). Internal standards stored in the instrument at 9 °C for at least one week were stable, which facilitated reagent use and storage.
Conclusion:
The CLAM-2000 (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) provides reproducible results as an established routine instrument and is a useful tool for 24/7 TDM of beta-lactam antibiotics in routine clinical diagnostics.
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