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Intraspecific Interactions Decrease Stress Affecting Welfare in Shelter Dogs: A Comparison of Four Different Housing

Sara Corsetti¹, Eugenia Natoli², Rupert Palme³

¹School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI

|October 27, 2023

Summary

Shelter dogs experience stress. Their welfare improves when housed with other dogs, reducing stress behaviors and cortisol levels. This finding aids shelter management.

Keywords:

behaviour cortisol domestic dog shelter welfare

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Area of Science:

Animal Behavior
Animal Welfare Science
Veterinary Medicine

Background:

Shelters are inherently stressful for domestic dogs (Canis familiaris).
Assessing and improving the welfare of shelter dogs is critical for their well-being and effective shelter management.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify environmental variables that enhance welfare in shelter dogs.
To analyze behavioral responses and physiological stress indicators (cortisol metabolites) under different housing conditions.

Main Methods:

Observation of 10 shelter dogs in four distinct cage conditions: alone, alone in an enriched cage, with conspecifics, and with human interaction.
Behavioral analysis included monitoring displacement activities.
Non-invasive measurement of fecal cortisol metabolites (CM) to assess adrenocortical activity.

Main Results:

Dogs housed alone in cages exhibited the highest frequency of displacement activities.
The presence of conspecifics significantly reduced displacement activities and fecal cortisol metabolite levels.
Enrichment and human interaction did not show the same stress-reducing effects as conspecifics.

Conclusions:

Social housing with conspecifics is the most effective strategy for mitigating stress in shelter dogs.
Findings provide practical guidelines for improving shelter management and enhancing the quality of life for dogs in these environments.