Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 12, 2025
08:06
Use of a Low-flow Digital Anesthesia System for Mice and Rats
Published on: September 7, 2016
17.9K
Anesthesia Management via an Automated Control System for Propofol, Remifentanil, and Rocuronium Compared to
Osamu Nagata1, Yuka Matsuki1, Shuko Matsuda1
1Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 28, 2023
Summary
An automated anesthesia control system improved sedation, analgesia, and muscle relaxation during surgery. This advanced system demonstrated non-inferiority to manual anesthesia administration and reduced adverse events, enhancing patient safety.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Medical technology
- Automation in healthcare
Background:
- An automated total intravenous anesthesia control system using closed-loop algorithms for propofol, remifentanil, and rocuronium was previously developed.
- The system was enhanced with a safety mechanism and a modified monitoring device.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of an improved automated anesthesia control system.
- To compare the automated system with manual anesthesia administration in maintaining sedation, analgesia, and muscle relaxation.
Main Methods:
- Elective surgery patients were randomized into automated (closed-loop feedback) and manual anesthesia groups.
- The primary endpoint was the proportion of surgical time with adequate management of three-agent anesthesia.
Main Results:
- The automated group achieved 87.21% adequate anesthesia control, significantly outperforming the manual group (65.19%, p < 0.001).
- Adverse events were less frequent in the automated group (90.0%) compared to the manual group (100.0%, p = 0.027).
Conclusions:
- The improved three-agent automated control system effectively maintained sedation, analgesia, and muscle relaxation.
- The system demonstrated non-inferiority to anesthesiologists and enhanced patient safety.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview
136
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
136
01:31Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses
493
Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
493
01:24General Anesthesia: Overview
225
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
225
01:20Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview
310
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
310
01:22Stages of General Anesthesia
473
Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
473
01:29Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia
439
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
439