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Stratification of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease by Circulating Cytokines Profile: A Pilot Study

Concetta Iside1, Ornella Affinito1, Bruna Punzo1

  • 1IRCCS SYNLAB SDN, Via Emanuele Gianturco, 113, 80143 Naples, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Serum cytokines like IL6, CCL2_MCP1, and FLT1 show potential for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD). Elevated levels correlate with disease severity and can help stratify patient risk non-invasively.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a chronic inflammatory condition driven by atherosclerosis.
  • Endothelial dysfunction initiates atherosclerosis by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, escalating vascular inflammation.
  • The precise relationship between serum cytokine levels and CAD severity requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between serum cytokine concentrations and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • To assess the diagnostic and predictive potential of specific cytokines in identifying CAD.
  • To explore the utility of serum cytokines in non-invasive risk stratification for patients with suspected CAD.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples from 75 patients with suspected CAD were analyzed using a multiplex bead-based immunoassay.
  • Simultaneous quantification of 11 cytokines was performed using flow cytometric technology.
  • Statistical analysis was employed to compare cytokine levels between CAD patients and healthy subjects and correlate them with disease severity.

Main Results:

  • CAD patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of sRAGE, CCL2_MCP1, FLT1, and IL6 compared to healthy individuals.
  • A trend of increasing cytokine levels (sCD40L, FLT1, sRAGE, CCL2-MCP1, TNFα) was observed with increasing CAD severity.
  • Elevated IL6 levels predicted non-obstructive CAD, while increased CCL2_MCP1 or FLT1 predicted obstructive CAD.

Conclusions:

  • Serum cytokine profiles, including IL6, CCL2_MCP1, and FLT1, are associated with CAD presence and severity.
  • These cytokines demonstrate potential as non-invasive biomarkers for CAD diagnosis and risk stratification.
  • Combining multiple serum cytokines may enhance the accuracy of non-invasive risk assessment in patients with suspected CAD.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasecoronary artery diseasediagnostic markersinflammation cytokines

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