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The rat pinealocyte during the oestrous cycle. A morphometric study.

C López-Iglesias, J L Arias, M Alvarez-Uría

    Archives D'Anatomie Microscopique Et De Morphologie Experimentale
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The pineal gland shows rhythmic activity during the oestrous cycle, with pinealocyte nucleolar and nuclear size varying significantly across different cycle stages. Lipid content also fluctuates, peaking in metoestrous.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Biology
    • Endocrinology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • The pineal gland's role in the oestrous cycle is recognized, but its precise functional mechanisms remain unclear.
    • Limited morphological studies exist on the pineal gland's changes throughout the oestrous cycle.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify pinealocyte nucleoli, nuclei, and lipid content variations across the four days of the oestrous cycle.
    • To investigate the morphological basis of pinealocyte rhythmic activity during the reproductive cycle.

    Main Methods:

    • Morphometric analysis of pineal gland sections from rats at proestrous, estrous, metestrous, and diestrous.
    • Quantification of pinealocyte nucleoli, nuclei, and lipid droplet surface area using image analysis and point-counting techniques.

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  • Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA to determine significant differences between cycle days.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant differences in nucleolar surface area were observed, being smaller during proestrous and estrous compared to metestrous and diestrous.
    • Nuclear surface area was larger during diestrous and proestrous than during estrous and metestrous.
    • Lipid content showed significant variation, with a minimum during estrous and a maximum during metestrous.

    Conclusions:

    • Pinealocytes exhibit rhythmic morphological activity throughout the oestrous cycle.
    • This activity appears to be lowest around ovulation, coinciding with surges in pituitary gonadotropins and ovarian hormones.