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Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) in cancer
Jisu Chae1,2, Jinny Choi2, Junho Chung3,4,5
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) is involved in cancer, but its role as a biomarker is unclear. Further research using specific antibodies and measuring tumoral IgA is needed to understand pIgR
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) transports IgA across the intestinal epithelium.
- pIgR overexpression is observed in several cancers, but its clinical significance remains uncertain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the functions and expression of pIgR.
- To clarify the clinical implications of pIgR in oncogenesis.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was performed.
- Data on pIgR functions, expression, and clinical outcomes were synthesized.
Main Results:
- Studies show inconsistent correlations between pIgR levels and cancer outcomes (survival, chemotherapy resistance).
- Discrepancies may stem from poor correlation between pIgR mRNA and protein levels, and varied antibody specificity in immunohistochemistry.
- In ovarian cancer, pIgR-mediated IgA transcytosis influences inflammatory pathways, potentially inhibiting cancer progression.
Conclusions:
- No direct correlation was found between tumor pIgR levels and clinical features.
- Measuring pIgR protein with specific antibodies and assessing tumoral IgA may clarify pIgR's role in cancer.
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