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Using sentinel nodes to evaluate changing connectivity in a protected area network.

Paul O'Brien1, Natasha Carr2, Jeff Bowman1

  • 1Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF), Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.

Peerj
|October 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary

New methods using circuit theory help evaluate protected area network connectivity. This approach tracks changes due to land use, aiding biodiversity conservation efforts and meeting global protection targets.

Keywords:
Biodiversity protectionCircuit theoryConnectivity indicatorEffective resistanceLandscape connectivityProtected areas network

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Area of Science:

  • Conservation science
  • Landscape ecology
  • Spatial modeling

Background:

  • Global biodiversity loss necessitates well-connected protected area networks.
  • International agreements, like the Kunming-Montreal biodiversity agreement, aim to protect 30% of terrestrial lands by 2030.
  • Effective tools are needed for planning and monitoring protected area connectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel method for evaluating protected area network connectivity using circuit theory.
  • To assess the impact of land-use changes on network connectivity.
  • To provide a tool for conservation practitioners and planners.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized circuit theory models with sentinel park nodes to assess connectivity.
  • Assigned lower movement costs to natural areas within protected areas.
  • Employed mean pairwise effective resistance (MPER) to quantify network connectivity.
  • Calculated a node isolation index to identify regional connectivity differences.

Main Results:

  • MPER effectively detected changes in network connectivity under simulated land-use scenarios.
  • Increased development costs raised MPER, while adding protected areas decreased it.
  • The sentinel node method successfully evaluated connectivity in Ontario's protected area network.
  • The node isolation index revealed disparities in connectivity between northern and southern Ontario.

Conclusions:

  • The developed circuit theoretic method provides baseline connectivity estimates for protected area networks.
  • MPER serves as a valuable indicator for tracking future changes in network connectivity.
  • This approach supports informed land-use planning and conservation strategies to meet biodiversity targets.