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Hyperfine spectroscopy in a quantum-limited spectrometer.

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This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a highly sensitive spectrometer for electron-spin-echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) measurements at millikelvin temperatures. This enables probing small numbers of spins, advancing quantum sensing and materials science.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Electron-spin-echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) is a powerful technique for probing nuclear spins near electron spins.
  • High-sensitivity measurements are crucial for studying dilute spin systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a novel high-sensitivity spectrometer for ESEEM measurements at millikelvin temperatures.
  • To probe small numbers of spins using superconducting micro-resonators.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a custom-built spectrometer with superconducting micro-resonators (Q factor, small mode volume).
  • Performed two-pulse ESEEM on erbium ions in YVO3 and bismuth donors in silicon.
  • Conducted three- and five-pulse ESEEM on bismuth donors in silicon.

Main Results:

  • Achieved sensitive ESEEM measurements at millikelvin temperatures, probing down to spins.
  • Quantitatively determined hyperfine coupling strength for proximal nuclei in both systems.
  • Successfully measured nuclear-spin concentration in the silicon substrate.

Conclusions:

  • The developed spectrometer enables sensitive ESEEM measurements of dilute spin systems.
  • The technique is applicable to various systems, including rare-earth ions and donor impurities in semiconductors.
  • This work advances quantum sensing capabilities for materials characterization.