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Changes in Healthcare Utilization After Lifestyle Intervention for Weight Loss
Sylvia E K Sudat1, Qiwen Huang2, Nina Szwerinski2
1Sutter Health, Center for Health Systems Research, Walnut Creek, California.
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|October 31, 2023
Summary
Lifestyle change programs (LCPs) increased outpatient healthcare use, including specialty and urgent care visits, among participants compared to non-participants. Further research is needed to determine if this reflects increased preventive care.
Area of Science:
- Health Services Research
- Preventive Medicine
- Lifestyle Interventions
Background:
- Lifestyle change programs (LCPs) aim to improve health outcomes by modifying behaviors.
- Understanding the impact of LCPs on healthcare utilization is crucial for resource allocation and policy development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the real-world impact of a LCP on healthcare utilization in a large health system.
- To compare healthcare utilization patterns between LCP participants and matched non-participants.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of electronic health record data from a large health system.
- Propensity-score matching was used to compare LCP participants (2010-2017) with non-participants (1:1 ratio).
- Healthcare utilization, including outpatient visits and medications for cardiometabolic conditions and obesity, was assessed in the second year post-participation.
Main Results:
- LCP participants showed increased specialty-care visits (+4.7%), electronic communications (+8.6%), and urgent-care visits (+6.5%) compared to matched non-participants.
- Participants also had more office visits for cardiometabolic conditions and obesity (+1.72 visits/patient).
Conclusions:
- LCP participation was associated with higher outpatient service utilization.
- The findings suggest a potential increase in preventive care, warranting further investigation into long-term health outcomes.
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