Thermal comfort optimization through bioclimatic design in Mediterranean cities

Area of Science:

• Architecture
• Building Science
• Environmental Design

Background:

• Bioclimatic design leverages local climate for improved thermal qualities and indoor comfort in buildings.
• This approach aims to minimize environmental impact but faces challenges in widespread adoption.
• The study focuses on Mediterranean bioclimatic strategies and their effect on housing thermal comfort.

Observation:

• A descriptive, analytical, and comparative methodology was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches with software simulation.
• Data collection involved technical information like plans, elevations, and photographs.
• The research included a literature review, analysis of common Mediterranean building features, and case studies of passive houses.

Findings:

• Low-pitched roofs and chimneys were the most influential features, improving summer thermal comfort by 12.6% and winter comfort by 13%.
• Pergolas and porches showed minimal impact on the north facade but offered summer benefits (1.4-3.4%) on the south facade, with a slight winter decrease.
• Effective bioclimatic strategies include passive cooling, natural ventilation, ventilated roof spaces, and strategic sun shading.

Implications:

• The study provides recommendations for optimizing thermal comfort in residential buildings in Alexandria, Egypt.
• Findings can inform the design of more sustainable and comfortable housing in Mediterranean climates.
• Understanding the impact of specific architectural elements is crucial for energy-efficient building design.