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Giant spin splitting (GSS) arises from atomic interactions, structure symmetry, and atomic spin-orbit interaction (SOI). This review offers chemists an intuitive perspective on GSS formation, moving beyond the original Bychkov-Rashba model.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Chemistry

Background:

  • Giant spin splitting (GSS) is crucial for designing materials with tailored spin properties.
  • Early-career researchers often lack intuitive understanding of GSS mechanisms beyond the Bychkov-Rashba model.
  • Challenges include accounting for atomic spin-orbit interaction (SOI) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) in GSS formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an intuitive, chemistry-focused perspective on GSS emergence.
  • To equip researchers with better tools for understanding atomic interactions, structure symmetry, and SOI in GSS.
  • To explore the Bychkov-Rashba model's limitations and an orbital framework for GSS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the Bychkov-Rashba model and its limitations.
  • Introduction of an orbital framework for GSS modulation by SOI and OAM.
  • Analysis of OAM quenching in crystals and its non-zero values in specific chemical bonds.

Main Results:

  • GSS is modulated by atomic SOI and the interplay of OAM with the surface electrostatic field.
  • OAM can be non-zero in specific chemical bonds despite inversion symmetry breaking.
  • The review examines GSS emergence in selected examples through a chemistry-focused lens.

Conclusions:

  • A deeper understanding of atomic interactions, symmetry, and SOI is key to controlling GSS.
  • The orbital framework offers a more intuitive approach for chemists studying GSS.
  • This review facilitates the design of novel materials with desired spin-dependent properties.