Cerium oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis methods and applications in wound healing

Wound care and treatment can be critical from a clinical standpoint. While different strategies for the management and treatment of skin wounds have been developed, the limitations inherent in the current approaches necessitate the development of more effective alternative strategies. Advances in tissue engineering have resulted in the development of novel promising approaches for accelerating wound healing. The use of various biomaterials capable of accelerating the regeneration of damaged tissue is critical in tissue engineering. In this regard, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs) have recently received much attention because of their excellent biological properties, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and angiogenic features. The incorporation of CeO₂ NPs into various polymer-based scaffolds developed for wound healing applications has led to accelerated wound healing due to the presence of CeO₂ NPs. This paper discusses the structure and functions of the skin, the wound healing process, different methods for the synthesis of CeO₂ NPs, the biological properties of CeO₂ NPs, the role of CeO₂ NPs in wound healing, the use of scaffolds containing CeO₂ NPs for wound healing applications, and the potential toxicity of CeO₂ NPs.