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Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mitochondrial Contact Sites and Architectural Insights
Published on: June 16, 2023
ER-mitochondria contact sites in mitochondrial DNA dynamics, maintenance, and distribution
Hema Saranya Ilamathi1, Marc Germain1
1Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire and Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Réseau Intersectoriel de Recherche en Santé de l'Université du Québec (RISUQ), Canada.
Abstract:
Mitochondria are central cellular metabolic hubs. Their function requires proteins encoded by nuclear DNA, but also mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) whose maintenance is essential for the proper function of the organelle. Defective mtDNA maintenance and distribution are associated with mitochondrial diseases. mtDNA is organized into nucleo-protein complexes called nucleoids that dynamically move along the mitochondrial network and interact with each other. mtDNA replication and nucleoid distribution is an active process regulated by the complex interplay of mitochondrial dynamics, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria contact sites, and cytoskeletal networks. For example, defects in mitochondrial fusion and fission or ER-mitochondria contact sites affect nucleoid maintenance and distribution. In this review, we discuss the process of nucleoid dynamics and the factors regulating nucleoid maintenance and distribution.
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