Advancements in Perovskite-Based Cathode Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: A Comprehensive Review

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Energy Conversion

Background:

• Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer efficient, green electricity generation from hydrogen fuels.
• Reducing SOFC operating temperatures (to 400–800°C) is key for longevity, cost, and fabrication ease.
• Challenges for intermediate-temperature SOFC cathodes include stability, catalytic activity, and contaminant tolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review state-of-the-art perovskite cathode materials (LSM, LSCF) for SOFCs.
• To examine emerging Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) and double perovskite materials for SOFC cathodes.
• To highlight strategies for enhancing cathode performance and addressing material challenges.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of perovskite, RP, and double perovskite cathode materials for SOFCs.
• Analysis of strategies including surface modification, codoping, infiltration, and composites.
• Evaluation of electrochemical performance and material stability.

Main Results:

• LSM and LSCF are established perovskite cathodes, but face limitations.
• RP and double perovskite structures show promise for improved SOFC performance.
• Surface modification and composite strategies effectively enhance cathode electrocatalytic activity.

Conclusions:

• Advanced cathode materials are essential for efficient, lower-temperature SOFC operation.
• Ruddlesden-Popper and double perovskite materials offer promising alternatives to traditional perovskites.
• Further research into material strategies will drive SOFC technology advancement.