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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

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Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
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Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

11
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
11
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

96
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
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Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
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Daptomycin-Induced Acute Liver Failure: A Rare Case Report.

Medha Rajamanuri1, Julton Tomanguillo2, Mark Ayoub2

  • 1Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, USA.

Cureus
|November 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This case report details a rare instance of acute liver failure (ALF) caused by the antibiotic daptomycin. Prompt discontinuation of daptomycin led to significant liver function improvement, highlighting a potential drug-induced liver injury (DILI).

Keywords:
acute liver failureacute liver injuryantibiotic side effectsdaptomycindrug induced liver failure

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Acute liver failure (ALF) is a severe clinical syndrome characterized by impaired liver function, coagulopathy, and hepatic encephalopathy.
  • Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an uncommon but serious cause of ALF, often requiring prompt identification and management.
  • Daptomycin, a lipopeptide antibiotic, is primarily used for complicated skin and soft tissue infections and bacteremia.

Observation:

  • A 73-year-old male with multiple comorbidities developed acute liver failure (ALF) five days after initiating daptomycin for osteomyelitis.
  • Clinical presentation included jaundice, drowsiness, hepatomegaly, elevated liver enzymes, and abnormal ultrasound findings.
  • Autoimmune and infectious etiologies for liver injury were excluded.

Findings:

  • Discontinuation of daptomycin resulted in rapid and significant improvement in liver function tests within three days.
  • The Naranjo scale indicated a probable causal relationship between daptomycin and the observed acute liver injury.
  • This represents the first reported case of daptomycin-induced acute liver failure (ALF), distinct from previously reported milder forms of daptomycin-induced liver injury.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for daptomycin to cause severe hepatotoxicity, necessitating close monitoring of liver function during treatment.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms and identify potential predisposing factors for daptomycin-induced ALF.
  • Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for DILI when patients on daptomycin present with signs of liver dysfunction.