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Environmental factors and stroke: Risk and prevention
Annemarei Ranta1, Serefnur Ozturk2, Mohammad Wasay3
1Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; Department of Neurology, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand.
Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|November 9, 2023
Summary
Environmental factors significantly impact stroke risk, particularly in low- and middle-income nations. This review explores environmental risks and benefits for stroke prevention, advocating for actionable solutions.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Neurology
- Public Health
Background:
- Stroke is a major global cause of death and disability.
- Environmental risk factors for stroke are increasingly recognized.
- Disproportionate stroke incidence rises in low- and middle-income countries are linked to environmental factors.
Approach:
- This narrative review examines the complex interplay between environmental factors and stroke.
- It covers diverse environmental exposures including air pollution, chemical contamination, and climate change.
- Beneficial environmental effects, such as green space exposure, are also discussed.
Key Points:
- Air pollution, atmospheric brown clouds, dust storms, wildfires, and chemical contaminants pose stroke risks.
- Urbanization, climate change, and biological aggressors contribute to environmental health challenges related to stroke.
- Exposure to green spaces may offer protective benefits against stroke.
Conclusions:
- Environmental factors play a critical role in stroke incidence and outcomes.
- Addressing environmental risks requires multi-level interventions from individual to political advocacy.
- Mitigating environmental impacts is crucial for global stroke prevention strategies.
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