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Sonochemistry dosimetries in seawater.

Rabiaa Khaffache1, Aissa Dehane2, Slimane Merouani2

  • 1Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Badji Mokhtar - Annaba University, P.O. Box 12, 23000 Annaba, Algeria.

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry
|November 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study evaluates sonochemical dosimetry methods in distilled and seawater. Ascorbic acid and potassium iodide dosimetry are recommended for accurate sonochemical activity quantification.

Keywords:
4-NitrophenolAscorbic acidDosimetryFrickeH(2)O(2)Iodometry

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Sonochemical systems involve complex physical and chemical interactions.
  • Accurate dosimetry is crucial for understanding sonochemical processes.
  • Various dosimetry techniques exist, each with unique sensitivities and limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of multiple dosimetry techniques in sonicated distilled and seawater.
  • To compare the effectiveness of calorimetry, iodometry, Fricke, 4-nitrophenol, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and ascorbic acid dosimetry.
  • To determine the optimal dosimetry methods for quantifying sonochemical activity.

Main Methods:

  • Sonication of distilled and seawater at electric power ranging from 20 to 80 W (300 kHz).
  • Performance evaluation of calorimetry, iodometry (potassium iodide), Fricke, 4-nitrophenol, H2O2, and ascorbic acid dosimetry.
  • Analysis of results in relation to electric power and water composition.

Main Results:

  • Seawater exhibited lower temperatures and calorimetric energies than distilled water, with discrepancies diminishing at higher power.
  • Potassium iodide (KI) dosimetry showed a similar trend to calorimetry, with greater differences at lower electric power.
  • Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dosimetry was significantly affected by seawater's salt content, reducing iodine (I3-) formation.
  • Fricke and 4-nitrophenol dosimetry showed fluctuated behavior, particularly at lower electric powers.
  • Ascorbic acid and KI dosimetry proved most reliable for quantifying sonochemical activity.

Conclusions:

  • Ascorbic acid and potassium iodide (KI) dosimetry methods are superior for accurate sonochemical activity measurement.
  • The performance ranking of dosimetry methods is: Ascorbic acid ≈ KI > Fricke > 4-nitrophenol > H2O2.
  • Water salinity impacts the performance of certain dosimetry techniques, necessitating careful selection based on the medium.