Disposable biosensor based on ionic liquid, carbon nanofiber and poly(glutamic acid) for tyramine determination

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Biosensor Technology
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Tyramine is a biogenic amine found in various foods, and its accurate determination is crucial for food safety and quality control.
• Existing methods for tyramine detection can be complex and time-consuming.
• Development of rapid, sensitive, and selective biosensors is essential for efficient tyramine monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

• To construct and optimize a novel electrochemical biosensor for the quantitative determination of tyramine.
• To investigate the performance characteristics of the developed biosensor, including its detection limit, sensitivity, stability, and reproducibility.
• To evaluate the applicability of the biosensor for tyramine analysis in real food samples.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a screen-printed carbon electrode modified with carbon nanofibers (CNF), ionic liquid (IL), poly(glutamic acid) (PGA), and tyrosinase (Tyr).
• Optimization of experimental parameters including material ratios, polymerization conditions, enzyme loading, pH, and operating potential.
• Characterization of the biosensor construction using scanning electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry.
• Electrochemical detection of tyramine using chronoamperometry.

Main Results:

• The optimized Tyr/PGA/CNF-IL/SPE biosensor demonstrated a linear response to tyramine over a concentration range of 2.0 × 10⁻⁷ to 4.8 × 10⁻⁵ M.
• A low detection limit of 9.1 × 10⁻⁸ M and a sensitivity of 302.6 μA mM⁻¹ were achieved.
• The biosensor exhibited excellent reproducibility, good stability, and strong anti-interference capabilities.
• Successful determination of tyramine in malt drink and pickle juice samples with high analytical recoveries (100.6% and 100.4%, respectively).

Conclusions:

• The developed electrochemical biosensor based on Tyr/PGA/CNF-IL/SPE is a highly effective tool for sensitive and selective tyramine determination.
• The biosensor's performance characteristics make it suitable for practical applications in food analysis.
• This work presents a promising approach for developing advanced biosensors for biogenic amine detection.