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Related Experiment Video

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Implantable magnetically-actuated capsule for on-demand delivery.

Ying Zheng1, Guizhou Zheng1, Yuan Yuan Li1

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
|November 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a miniature, battery-free implantable magnetically-actuated capsule for on-demand drug delivery. The system offers precise, reproducible dosing and navigation, overcoming limitations of current implantable drug delivery systems.

Keywords:
DiabetesDrug deliveryImplantable capsuleMagnetic actuationMedical robotics

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Current implantable drug delivery systems (IDDS) face challenges including large size, complex electronics, unpredictable release, and the need for battery replacement surgeries.
  • Existing systems often lack on-demand control and require invasive procedures for maintenance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a tether-free, battery-free implantable magnetically-actuated capsule (IMAC) for on-demand and robust drug delivery.
  • To demonstrate the IMAC's capability for precise drug release, navigation, and biocompatibility in a relevant in vivo model.

Main Methods:

  • Designed an IMAC utilizing a bistable magnetic mechanism for triggered drug release.
  • Employed external magnetic fields for IMAC navigation, anchoring, and actuation within the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Evaluated IMAC performance in diabetic rats over 15 days, comparing insulin delivery to subcutaneous injection.

Main Results:

  • The IMAC demonstrated precise and reproducible drug delivery (9.9 ± 0.17 μg per actuation) with high anti-magnetic capability (critical trigger field ~90 mT).
  • Successful navigation and anchoring at lesion sites were achieved using gradient magnetic fields.
  • In vivo studies showed IMAC insulin delivery yielded pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles comparable to subcutaneous injection.
  • The IMAC is biocompatible, miniature (6.3 × 12.3 mm³), lightweight (0.8 g), refillable, and battery-free.

Conclusions:

  • The developed IMAC offers a promising, patient-centered alternative for precise, on-demand implantable drug delivery.
  • Its tether-free, battery-free design overcomes significant limitations of current IDDS, reducing patient burden.
  • The system's robust performance and biocompatibility support its potential for various therapeutic applications.