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High-Safety Lithium-Ion Batteries with Silicon-Based Anodes Enabled by Electrolyte Design.
Kangjia Hu1, Xiaoyu Sang1, Jiaxin Chen1
1State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Chemistry, an Asian Journal
|November 13, 2023
Summary
Improving the safety of high-energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with silicon anodes is crucial for electric vehicles. Electrolyte design offers key strategies to mitigate thermal runaway risks associated with silicon anodes.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- High-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are essential for electric vehicles, with silicon anodes offering higher capacity than graphite.
- Silicon anodes exhibit poor interfacial stability with liquid electrolytes, leading to thermal runaway and safety concerns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review electrolyte design strategies for mitigating thermal runaway in silicon anode-based LIBs.
- To provide insights into achieving intrinsically safe electrolytes for advanced LIBs.
Main Methods:
- Discussion of the thermal runaway mechanism in LIBs, focusing on silicon anode-electrolyte interactions.
- Summarization of safety countermeasures through electrolyte modification.
Main Results:
- Electrolyte design enables strategies like stable solid electrolyte interphases, nonflammable electrolytes, and stable lithium salts.
- Mitigating electrode crosstalk and utilizing solid-state electrolytes are key approaches.
Conclusions:
- Customized electrolyte design is vital for enhancing the safety of silicon anode LIBs.
- Further research is needed to address remaining questions on thermal runaway mechanisms and develop intrinsically safe electrolytes.
