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DEFECTIVE KERNEL 56 functions in mitochondrial RNA editing and maize seed development.

Jie Zang1, Tengfei Zhang1,2, Zhaogui Zhang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.

Plant Physiology
|November 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A new study identifies DEFECTIVE KERNEL 56 (DEK56), a mitochondrial pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein crucial for maize seed development. Its dysfunction impacts RNA editing and splicing, revealing key mechanisms in kernel formation.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Mitochondrial Biology

Background:

  • Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins regulate maize kernel development via posttranscriptional modification of mitochondrial genes.
  • The precise mechanisms of PPR protein function in maize seed development are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the function of DEFECTIVE KERNEL 56 (DEK56) in maize seed development.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying DEK56's role in mitochondrial gene regulation and kernel formation.

Main Methods:

  • Map-based cloning to identify the DEK56 gene.
  • Analysis of RNA editing and splicing efficiency in a dek56 mutant.
  • Protein-protein interaction assays to identify interacting partners.

Main Results:

  • DEK56 encodes a mitochondrial E subgroup PPR protein essential for embryo and endosperm development.
  • DEK56 dysfunction alters RNA editing at 48 sites and reduces splicing efficiency of nad4 introns.
  • DEK56 interacts with PPR motif, coiled-coil, and DYW domain-containing protein 1 (PCW1), facilitated by ZmMORFs and ZmGRP23.

Conclusions:

  • DEK56 plays a critical role in maize seed development through PPR-mediated mitochondrial RNA processing.
  • The findings provide a working model for PPR protein function in mitochondrial gene regulation.
  • This research offers insights for improving maize through understanding seed development mechanisms.