Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multi-input and Multi-variable systems01:22

Multi-input and Multi-variable systems

109
Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
In the absence...
109
Feedback control systems01:26

Feedback control systems

319
Feedback control systems are categorized in various ways based on their design, analysis, and signal types.
Linear feedback systems are theoretical models that simplify analysis and design. These systems operate under the principle that their output is directly proportional to their input within certain ranges. For instance, an amplifier in a control system behaves linearly as long as the input signal remains within a specific range. However, most physical systems exhibit inherent nonlinearity...
319
Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control01:07

Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control

120
Proportional-Derivative (PD) control is a widely used control method in various engineering systems to enhance stability and performance. In a system with only proportional control, common issues include high maximum overshoot and oscillation, observed in both the error signal and its rate of change. This behavior can be divided into three distinct phases: initial overshoot, subsequent undershoot, and gradual stabilization.
Consider the example of control of motor torque. Initially, a positive...
120
Transient and Steady-state Response01:24

Transient and Steady-state Response

189
In control systems, test signals are essential for evaluating performance under various conditions. The ramp function is effective for systems undergoing gradual changes, while the step function is suitable for assessing systems facing sudden disturbances. For systems subjected to shock inputs, the impulse function is the most appropriate test signal.
These test signals are integral in designing control systems to exhibit two key performance aspects: transient response and steady-state...
189
Classification of Systems-II01:31

Classification of Systems-II

150
Continuous-time systems have continuous input and output signals, with time measured continuously. These systems are generally defined by differential or algebraic equations. For instance, in an RC circuit, the relationship between input and output voltage is expressed through a differential equation derived from Ohm's law and the capacitor relation,
150
Control Systems01:10

Control Systems

1.2K
Control systems are everywhere in contemporary society, influencing diverse applications from aerospace to automated manufacturing. These systems can be found naturally within biological processes, such as blood sugar regulation and heart rate adjustment in response to stress, as well as in man-made systems like elevators and automated vehicles. A control system is essentially a network of subsystems and processes that collaboratively convert specific inputs into desired outputs.
At the heart...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Visceral fat dysfunction is positively associated with hypogonadism in Chinese men.

Scientific reports·2016
Same author

Fingerprint Analysis of Desmodium Triquetrum L. Based on Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography with Photodiode Array Detector Combined with Chemometrics Methods.

Journal of chromatographic science·2016
Same author

Neck circumference as an independent indicator to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in non-obese men.

Nutrition & metabolism·2016
Same author

Associations between implementation characteristics and evidence-based practice sustainment: a study of the Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach.

Implementation science : IS·2015
Same author

A pre-post pilot study of peer nutritional counseling and food insecurity and nutritional outcomes among antiretroviral therapy patients in Honduras.

BMC nutrition·2015
Same author

MAPKs and Hsc70 are critical to the protective effect of molecular hydrogen during the early phase of acute pancreatitis.

The FEBS journal·2015
Same journal

Thymidylate synthase inhibitory drugs induce p53-dependent pathways differently.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Top-down and bottom-up attention for joint pattern classification and reconstruction.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Short- and long-term scaling behavior of blood pressure and pulse arrival time during sleep in healthy controls and patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Double DQN-based secrecy energy efficiency and fairness performance in IRS-assisted NOMA systems with friendly jamming.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

10 recommendations for strengthening citizen science for improved societal and ecological outcomes: A co-produced analysis of challenges and opportunities in the 21st century.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Paying in public: Peer effects, impression management, and willingness to pay on digital payment platforms.

PloS one·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Using Neuron Spiking Activity to Trigger Closed-Loop Stimuli in Neurophysiological Experiments
05:19

Using Neuron Spiking Activity to Trigger Closed-Loop Stimuli in Neurophysiological Experiments

Published on: November 12, 2019

7.1K

Fixed-time event-triggered control for multi-agent systems with input delay.

Linling Wang1, Xiaoyan Xu1, Bing Han2,3

  • 1The Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Maritime Search & Rescue and Underwater Vehicles, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China.

Plos One
|November 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces fixed-time event-triggered control for Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) and Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) to achieve consensus and avoid obstacles. The method ensures faster, smoother, and more energy-efficient coordinated control, even with system delays and disturbances.

More Related Videos

The 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task: A Task of Attention and Impulse Control for Rodents
09:43

The 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task: A Task of Attention and Impulse Control for Rodents

Published on: August 10, 2014

46.1K
An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents
07:42

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents

Published on: August 2, 2018

13.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Using Neuron Spiking Activity to Trigger Closed-Loop Stimuli in Neurophysiological Experiments
05:19

Using Neuron Spiking Activity to Trigger Closed-Loop Stimuli in Neurophysiological Experiments

Published on: November 12, 2019

7.1K
The 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task: A Task of Attention and Impulse Control for Rodents
09:43

The 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task: A Task of Attention and Impulse Control for Rodents

Published on: August 10, 2014

46.1K
An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents
07:42

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents

Published on: August 2, 2018

13.7K

Area of Science:

  • Robotics and Control Systems
  • Marine Autonomous Systems
  • Distributed Systems

Background:

  • Achieving consensus and coordinated control in heterogeneous Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) and Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (AUV) systems presents challenges due to input delays and uncertain disturbances.
  • Existing control strategies often struggle with initial state variations and can be communication-intensive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a fixed-time event-triggered consensus control strategy for heterogeneous USV-AUV systems.
  • To design an obstacle avoidance algorithm that minimizes control input jitter and ensures smooth navigation.
  • To validate the proposed methods' effectiveness in achieving formation control and obstacle avoidance under various conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Fixed-time consensus control algorithm ensuring convergence within a predetermined time, irrespective of initial states.
  • Event-triggered communication strategy to reduce communication load and energy consumption, while avoiding Zeno behavior.
  • Improved Artificial Potential Field (IAPF) based obstacle avoidance algorithm for handling static and dynamic obstacles.

Main Results:

  • The proposed fixed-time consensus control successfully achieves desired formations for heterogeneous USV-AUV systems, even with initial state mismatches.
  • The event-triggered strategy significantly reduces communication requirements without compromising control performance.
  • The IAPF algorithm provides smoother obstacle avoidance paths with reduced control input jitter compared to existing methods.
  • Extensive simulations confirm the effectiveness and superiority of the developed control and obstacle avoidance strategies.

Conclusions:

  • The integrated fixed-time event-triggered control and IAPF obstacle avoidance strategy offers a robust and efficient solution for heterogeneous USV-AUV systems.
  • This approach enhances coordination, reduces communication overhead, and improves navigational safety in complex marine environments.
  • The method demonstrates significant advantages over existing techniques in terms of performance, efficiency, and path smoothness.