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Updated: Jul 11, 2025
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Differentiated Mouse Adipocytes in Primary Culture: A Model of Insulin Resistance
Published on: February 17, 2023
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Thyroid cancer and insulin resistance
Gabriela Brenta1, Fernando Di Fermo2
1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Unidad Asistencial Dr. César Milstein, Buenos Aires, Argentina. gbrenta@gmail.com.
Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders
|November 13, 2023
Summary
The study explores the link between diabetes and thyroid cancer, suggesting insulin resistance as a key factor. Metformin may offer benefits, while evidence for GLP-1 receptor agonists is limited.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- A concurrent rise in thyroid cancer and diabetes incidence has been observed.
- Insulin resistance is hypothesized as a potential mediator linking these conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the association between diabetes and thyroid cancer.
- To investigate the role of insulin resistance in this relationship.
- To explore the impact of antidiabetic agents on thyroid cancer.
Main Methods:
- A narrative review of English-written articles from PubMed and manual searches.
- Inclusion criteria focused on insulin resistance, diabetes, antidiabetic treatments, and thyroid cancer (Jan 2019-Apr 2023).
- Exclusion of preclinical studies, thyroid dysfunction, benign goiter, and obesity-only associations.
Main Results:
- Out of 20 included studies, 8 on insulin resistance/Metabolic Syndrome showed a positive association with thyroid cancer.
- Five studies on diabetes indicated a link with thyroid cancer in four instances.
- Seven studies on antidiabetics suggested potential benefits of metformin, with limited evidence for GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and increased thyroid cancer.
Conclusions:
- Observational studies suggest insulin resistance may explain the thyroid cancer-diabetes association, but causality is undetermined.
- Further research is needed on antidiabetic drugs like metformin and GLP-1 RAs regarding their role in thyroid cancer.
- The relationship between antidiabetic agents and thyroid cancer prevalence/progression warrants continued investigation.
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