Chronic Functional Adaptations Induced by the Application of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined with...

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Rehabilitation Medicine
• Exercise Physiology

Background:

• Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique.
• Exercise is a cornerstone of rehabilitation for various conditions.
• Combining tDCS and exercise is explored for potential synergistic effects on motor function.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the chronic effects of combining tDCS with exercise on motor function and performance.
• To synthesize evidence from randomized control trials (RCTs) investigating this combined intervention.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of MEDLINE and Web of Science databases.
• Inclusion of RCTs with at least five sessions of combined tDCS and exercise, measuring motor outcomes.
• Categorization of studies by population: healthy, neurological disorders, and musculoskeletal disorders.

Main Results:

• Chronic tDCS combined with strength training did not enhance motor function in healthy adults.
• In neurological disorders, no additive effect was observed when exercise targeted specific movements.
• Limited evidence suggests tDCS may enhance exercise adaptations in musculoskeletal conditions where pain limits function.

Conclusions:

• The combination of tDCS and exercise lacks demonstrated chronic benefits for motor function in healthy individuals and those with neurological disorders.
• tDCS may offer a potential adjunctive therapy to enhance exercise-induced adaptations in specific musculoskeletal conditions, particularly those impacted by pain.