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Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

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Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
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Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Dendrimer-based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Mn-Based MRI Contrast Agents: An Overview.

Céline Henoumont1, Marie Devreux1, Sophie Laurent1,2

  • 1NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, 19 Avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Manganese-based MRI contrast agents offer a promising alternative to gadolinium complexes due to safety concerns. This review synthesizes research on manganese agents, evaluating their efficiency and limitations for clinical applications.

Keywords:
Mn complexesMn-based nanoparticlesmagnetic resonance imagingtheranostic

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Current MRI contrast agents, primarily gadolinium-based, face increasing safety concerns.
  • There is a clinical need for novel, safe, and effective MRI contrast agents for pathology detection, including cancers.
  • Small extracellular, non-specific gadolinium complexes are the current standard, necessitating alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current research on manganese (Mn)-based MRI contrast agents.
  • To evaluate the efficiency and identify weaknesses of various Mn-based systems, from small complexes to nanoparticular agents.
  • To highlight the scientific community's efforts in developing Mn-based alternatives to gadolinium agents.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies on manganese-based MRI contrast agents.
  • Analysis of research encompassing small Mn complexes, nanoparticular agents, and theranostic systems.
  • Evaluation of agent efficiency, specificity, and safety profiles.

Main Results:

  • Significant research efforts have focused on developing manganese-based MRI contrast agents.
  • Various Mn-based systems, including small molecules and nanoparticles, show potential for enhanced MRI contrast.
  • Identified weaknesses in current Mn-based agents require further research for clinical translation.

Conclusions:

  • Manganese-based contrast agents represent a viable alternative to gadolinium complexes.
  • Further development is needed to overcome the limitations of current Mn-based agents for widespread clinical use.
  • Continued research is crucial for optimizing manganese agents for improved diagnostic capabilities in MRI.