Research on Key Technologies for the Static Measurement of Railway Track Smoothness

In this study, a static railway track smoothness detection system based on laser reference, which can measure various track smoothness parameters by using multiple sensors, is proposed. Furthermore, in order to improve the measurement accuracy and stability of the system, this paper also conducted three key analyses based on the static track measurement system. By using a liquid double-wedge automatic compensation device to compensate the horizontal angle of the beam, a mathematical model of liquid double-wedge automatic compensation was established. Then, by using an optical ring grating system to ring-grate and characterize the laser spot, the collimation efficiency of the system was improved when measuring at long distances. For the special ring grating spot image, an adaptive image processing algorithm was proposed, which can achieve sub-pixel-level positioning accuracy. This study also conducted a field measurement experiment, comparing the experimental data obtained via the static track measurement system with the results of existing track measurement products, and verifying that the static track measurement system has high measurement accuracy and stability.